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Hypoxemia is the most common adverse event during sedated gastrointestinal endoscopy. Patients with high obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk (STOP-Bang ≥5) are susceptible due to sedation-induced loss of upper airway tone exacerbating airway collapsibility. Although high-flow nasa
Open articlePulmonology
The Royal College of Physicians (RCP) is calling upon the UK Government to address the nation's air pollution as a public health emergency, and not simply an environmental issue.
Open articlePulmonology
Indoor fungal bioaerosols are more diverse and dynamic than outdoor communities in urban UK homes. These findings establish foundational exposure data and highlight the need for incorporating fungal bioaerosol monitoring into public health policy to mitigate mould-related health
Open articlePulmonology
Allergies are a growing public health concern worldwide. This meta-analysis investigated the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and the occurrence/severity of respiratory allergic conditions. Electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and EBSC
Open articlePulmonology
To compare the function of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration guided by transpulmonary pressure (Ptp) with traditional lung-protective ventilation to optimize pulmonary arterial compliance (Cpa) in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients. A single cente
Open articlePulmonology
Chronic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) arises from prolonged interactions among immune cells, functional cells, and inflammatory cytokines. The Qibai Pingfei Capsule (QBPF), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been utilized clinically for over
Open articlePulmonology
Children born preterm with chronic lung disease of Immaturity (CLDI) frequently present with obstructive lung function, yet optimal bronchodilator therapy remains uncertain. Previous studies focused on β2-agonists, while evidence for muscarinic antagonist therapy is limited. We c
Open articlePulmonology
To evaluate the effect of a pharmacist‑led educational intervention on medication knowledge, adherence, and asthma control among adult asthma patients at Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia. A single‑blind, parallel‑group randomized controlled trial will be conduct
Open articlePulmonology
To investigate the effects of supervised nursing combined with moderate-intensity exercise training based on the Individual and Family Self-Management Theory (IFSMT) on pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to provide e
Open articlePulmonology
To evaluate the effects of hydrogen-oxygen inhalation on nodule diameter and peripheral blood inflammatory factors in patients with small pulmonary nodules (SPNs), and to further analyze its efficacy in the smoking subgroup. The primary endpoint was the change in pulmonary nodule
Open articlePulmonology
Chronic respiratory disease (CRD) patients using budesonide/glycopyrronium/formoterol (BGF) inhalers often face anxiety, depression and incorrect inhaler technique, which impair treatment outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of clinical pharmacist-led intervention o
Open articlePulmonology
This letter discusses Costa et al.'s randomized trial of resistance training (RT) combined with photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) for difficult-to-control asthma (DTCA). The triple-blind study shows RT+PBMT safely improves peripheral muscle strength and exercise capacity bet
Open articlePulmonology
To investigate whether the addition of external diaphragmatic pacing (EDP) to standard therapy can effectively improve diaphragmatic dysfunction in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) requiring invasive mechanical ventilation, and i
Open articlePulmonology
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of prednisolone in the treatment of persistent interstitial lung disease following severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. A single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted. All participants presented residua
Open articlePulmonology
Interactive digital self-management (IDSM) interventions may help individuals with chronic respiratory disease self-manage their condition. This review aimed to summarize the characteristics and effectiveness of IDSM interventions for this population. Reviewers systematically scr
Open articlePulmonology
This study aimed to systematically evaluate the bidirectional association between obstructive lung diseases (OLD) [including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and bronchiectasis] and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) [including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulc
Open articlePulmonology
Climate change is a global threat. Propellant hydrofluoroalkane (HFA)-134a in metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) contributes to healthcare-related greenhouse gas emissions. HFA-152a is a new propellant with ~90% lower global warming potential than HFA-134a. Two phase I studies (NCT0643
Open articlePulmonology
Allergic diseases and dental caries share overlapping epidemiological trends and risk factors, compromising the patients' quality of life and increasing health care costs. We aimed to explore the associations and potential causal relationships between allergic diseases (asth
Open articlePulmonology
Aerobic training (AT) or behavioural interventions (BI) to increase physical activity in daily life (PADL) improve clinical control in people with asthma; however, comparisons between these interventions remain poorly known. To compare the effects of AT versus BI on clinical cont
Open articlePulmonology
Respiratory muscle dysfunction contributes to reduced pulmonary and extrapulmonary outcomes in children with asthma. Although inspiratory muscle training has been widely studied, the effects of expiratory muscle training (EMT) in pediatric asthma remain unclear. This study invest
Open articlePulmonology
Poor self-care practice among adult asthmatic patients is a prevalent and serious clinical concern, as it is directly associated with significantly greater morbidity and mortality. It leads to adverse outcomes, including more frequent exacerbations, increased utilization of rescu
Open articlePulmonology
Speleotherapy (underground climate therapy) is a non-pharmacological intervention for chronic respiratory diseases. This randomized controlled trial investigated whether a 3-week speleotherapy course (6 sessions, 2 h/week) improves respiratory outcomes in patients on standard bac
Open articlePulmonology
Obesity is a modifiable risk factor for asthma worldwide and is associated with poor asthma control. Weight loss is an effective intervention for patients with obesity and asthma; however, a consistent association between metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) and asthma in patients w
Open articlePulmonology
Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) can improve symptoms of chronic inflammation; in asthma, improving asthma control and reducing airway inflammation. Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying these salubrious outcomes could help identify neuroimmune phenotypes and pe
Open articlePulmonology
Tezepelumab is a human monoclonal antibody that blocks the activity of thymic stromal lymphopoietin. This study aimed to evaluate the oral corticosteroid-sparing effect of tezepelumab in adults with severe, oral corticosteroid-dependent asthma. SUNRISE was a phase 3, double-blind
Open articlePulmonology
Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of smoking asthmatic patients and to evaluate the efficacy of long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) in treating smoking asthmatic patients. Methods: The characteristic analysis study of smoking asthma was a case-control study,
Open articlePulmonology
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease, making uniform diagnosis challenging, resulting in both under- and overdiagnosis. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarise the data on diagnostic accuracy of a cold air bronchial challenge test (CACh) in exercise-induced b
Open articlePulmonology
Tobacco cessation support remains underutilized in routine care for patients with airway diseases such as asthma and COPD. In this multicenter randomized trial (NCT05764343, registration date: 2023-03-01), we previously reported that immediately scheduled appointments to smoking
Open articlePulmonology
To evaluate the efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) pattern-based comprehensive therapy on stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and its influence on metabolic profiles. In this multicenter trial, 270 participants from nine hospitals were randoml
Open articlePulmonology
High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is standard therapy for acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure and is increasingly used in hypercapnic COPD. Comparative data between the asymmetrical and conventional HFNC interfaces regarding respiratory muscle work of breathing is limited. This stu
Open articlePulmonology
In patients with moderate-to-severe COPD, airway mucus-occlusions correlate with airflow limitation, exacerbation and mortality-risk. However, the clinical relevance of mucus-plugs in milder COPD is not well-understood. We evaluated pulmonary function, six-minute-walk-distance (6
Open articlePulmonology
To explore the interventional effects of a targeted diaphragmatic function exercise bundle strategy, guided by ultrasound assessment, on nutritional status, diaphragmatic function, muscle strength, and hospital stay of mechanically ventilated patients with acute exacerbation of c
Open articlePulmonology
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with a history of frequent exacerbations have a high disease burden and poor progression, demanding optimized management. This study aimed to evaluate the real-world clinical situation, adherence to Global Initiative for
Open articlePulmonology
To examine the effects of extra training with active cycle of breathing technique (ACBT) as compared to whole-body breathing exercise (WBBE) in older adults with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Fifty-one participants with stable COPD were randomly assigned in
Open articlePulmonology
In-hospital use of non-invasive ventilation improves outcomes in patients with acute respiratory failure caused by acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Prehospital use of non-invasive ventilation is uncommon due to diagnostic uncertainty and logistical con
Open articlePulmonology
This study presents a pilot cost-benefit analysis of a nature-based therapy (NBT) for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Austria. Within the framework of a randomised controlled trial, we identify cost categories, quantify the costs and benefits, and synthesise findi
Open articlePulmonology
Exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ECOPD) frequently coexists with diabetes mellitus, creating competing priorities for respiratory stabilization and safe inpatient glycemic control. Evidence for an integrated, respiratory-endocrinology co-management pathway i
Open articlePulmonology
Heterogeneity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) challenges the identification of optimal treatment populations. Subgroups derived from real-life cohorts using classification and regression trees (CARTs) have shown prognostic value for mortality, but their applicabil
Open articlePulmonology
Interleukin-33 and its receptor, ST2, are implicated in neutrophilic and eosinophilic inflammation during chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of astegolimab, an anti-ST2 human IgG2 monoclonal antibody, which were
Open articlePulmonology
Diaphragmatic dysfunction and oxidative stress are central pathophysiological alterations in patients hospitalized for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Evidence is lacking regarding early pulmonary rehabilitation protocols stratified by object
Open articlePulmonology
Sustaining pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) benefits in community-dwelling individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is challenging. The objective of this study was to explore the experiences of individuals with COPD participating in a PersonalIzed CommUnity-base
Open articlePulmonology
Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) improves exercise tolerance and COPD assessment test score (CAT). Oxygen supplementation during PR facilitates exercise physiological benefits. This study aimed to assess the feasibility
Open articlePulmonology
Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is recommended internationally for individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but there is limited evidence and practice of PR in Sri Lanka. Key challenges for PR such as poor accessibility, uptake and completion need to be addres
Open articlePulmonology
Tobacco use is a major contributor to the burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other non-communicable diseases in China. People at high risk for COPD who smoke, particularly those with pre-existing chronic conditions, often remain underserved by conventional
Open articlePulmonology
Early pulmonary rehabilitation is recommended for patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, yet challenges like monotony and poor adherence remain. This study evaluated a novel multi-parameter respiratory trainer against traditional methods. In a
Open articlePulmonology
The Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRQ) was developed to measure health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), with a minimum clinically important difference (MCID) of 0.5 points per item. It has been used in cli
Open articlePulmonology
Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a cornerstone for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), yet global uptake remains low due to geographic and resource barriers. Digital health technologies, specifically smartphone apps, offer a promising platform for deli
Open articlePulmonology
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) complicated with type II respiratory failure (hypercapnia + hypoxemia) is a major cause of hospitalization and death. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is standard but may cause discomfort; high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) of
Open articlePulmonology
Dyspnea, negative illness perceptions, anxiety, and depression are common problems that substantially impair quality of life in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of handheld fan use on dyspnea, illness perception,
Open articlePulmonology
This systematic review aimed to summarize the current evidence on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its associated factors in children with bronchiectasis. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, CINAHL,
Open articlePulmonology
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is driven in part by microaspiration along the endotracheal tube cuff, a process difficult to measure directly in ventilated patients. Because microbial communities differ between airway compartments, changes in their similarity over time may
Open articlePulmonology
ICU patients commonly require invasive mechanical ventilation. Although weaning from ventilation is crucial for patient outcomes, it is commonly not performed according to guideline recommendations. We investigated if a complex telemedicine intervention improves the weaning proce
Open articlePulmonology
Depemokimab is the first ultra-long-acting biologic with enhanced interleukin-5 (IL-5) binding affinity, high potency, and extended half-life, enabling twice-yearly dosing. Depemokimab has demonstrated efficacy and safety in patients with asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with na
Open articlePulmonology
Self-management is a key component of effective chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management and is mainly promoted through pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programmes. However, less than 2% of patients participate in PR programmes. Among those who do, approximately 40% f
Open articlePulmonology
Medical masks serve as a barrier that prevents droplet transmission - the primary route of infection for many respiratory diseases. The effects of protective medical mask use on exercise performance and the factors influencing mask compliance are equivocal. This study aimed to ex
Open articlePulmonology
Respiratory symptoms such as cough and shortness of breath are prevalent among patients with pneumoconiosis. These symptoms reduce their engagement in daily activities and induce psychological distress. Did a 6-week acceptance-based healthy lifestyle programme reduce psychologica
Open articlePulmonology
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal interstitial lung disease with limited treatment options. LTI-03 promotes alveolar epithelial cell survival and reduces profibrotic protein expression in experimental models of IPF. In this Phase 1b, randomized, double-blind, placebo
Open articlePulmonology
The nasal mucosa is the primary defense mechanism of the upper respiratory tract. Its functionality relies heavily on the intricate balance of mucociliary clearance (MCC), mucosal hydration, epithelial tight junction integrity, and local immunological responses. While the detrime
Open articlePulmonology
Sleep apnea (SA) is a serious sleep disorder, and its diagnostic gold standard, polysomnography, is costly and time-consuming. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, due to their direct correlation with neural activity and ease of extraction, represent a promising tool. Despite incr
Open articlePulmonology
Considerable heterogeneity exists in patients experiencing acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) concerning etiology, clinical manifestations, phenotypic features, comorbidities, and treatment responsiveness. The concept of "treatable traits&qu
Open articlePulmonology
Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) remain common after thoracoscopic lung resection. Butorphanol, a κ-opioid receptor agonist with analgesic and potential opioid-sparing properties, may influence postoperative respiratory recovery. This trial evaluated whether periopera
Open articlePulmonology
Gram-Positive Bacteria and Their Metabolites as Mediators of Asthma Protection.
Open articlePulmonology
The inverse association of farm exposure with asthma and atopic conditions has been attributed to the diversity of environmental bacteria and fungi, but the specific taxa and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We performed sequencing of the bacterial 16S ribosomal ribonucl
Open article